Assessment of Into the Wild Essay - 828 Words

Assessment of Into the Wild Although precisely on target in his assessment of Chris McCandless being in touch with the bare-bones essence of nature, Gordon Youngs preceding description of Chris should be rephrased: A profoundly Un-American figure, uncompromising in his approach and thoroughly optimistic about the future. For Chris McCandless did not set out to show or prove his American character. Neither does he approve or want to exemplify a true modern American character, because true American character does not seek solitude, preferring the saddle to the streetcar, or the star-sprinkled sky to a roof, or, especially, the obscure and difficult trail, leading into the unknown, to any paved highway and the deep place of†¦show more content†¦If one cannot find an identity--his true self-- here, he will never find it. It is an interesting concept, nature and freedom. For nature allows us to escape from our time--our societal-imposed schedule, our time clock and switch to natures clock--an interesting concept, for, if anything, it restricts us in many different ways: sundown signifies sleep and cold, rain shows us unavoidable wetness and misery, and dawn is a time of awakening. Thus, in some ways, it is a restriction. Spiritually, however, it is a freedom through connection with nature--going at natures pace, at a NATURAL pace, not at our own artificially-created, societal-imposed pace. Nature also signifies another sort of intellectual freedom: the freedom to be yourself, the freedom from having to play a role. And in this way, nature is an ultimate test: without the cell phones and guns, the air conditioning and gasoline-powered conveniences,Show MoreRelatedHr Assessment 2 Escape to the Wild1695 Words   |  7 PagesHR Assessment – Task 2 Outcomes 2 3 Escape to the Wild Report To ensure Escape to the Wild’s continued successful and profitable expansion, the Managing Director has expressed his wish for the company to take on a more Strategic approach to the way it recruits trains and promotes its employees. To implement this new strategic approach a human resource function should be introduced. The following describes four activities the human resource function will undertake in order to supportRead MoreOcean Problem : My Solution1732 Words   |  7 Pagescan produce mass amounts of food much faster than possible in the natural ocean ecosystem. However, there are problems with aquaculture, one major problem being disease and parasites that are being transferred within fish farms as well as into the wild fish population. My solution to reduce the spreading of disease and parasites caused by aquaculture is to regulate the facilities used to farm fish by requiring closed aquaculture systems. This solution would have a great impact as semi-closed andRead MoreAnimals Back Into The Wild1671 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The release of animals back into the wild plays a substantial role in the welfare of them and in the conservation of endangered species. Despite the importance in the welfare and conservation, another reason to release wild animals is the scientific purpose considerations, such as monitoring diseases, and environmental problems. The factors that should be considered in a releasing process are divided in six areas: the ability of the animals to acquire and process food, ability to avoidRead MoreThe Concept Of Risk Assessment835 Words   |  4 PagesThe concept of risk assessment is to provide emergency managers with the capabilities to mitigate hazards that could affect a community or critical infrastructures, but the ability to create a strategy has to focus on key concepts. These concepts are: identifying a hazard, identify the context of the hazard, establish capability targets, and apply the results to manage the hazard or threat. It should be understood however, that no two p lans would be the same especially based on the region whereRead MoreGATT Essay1071 Words   |  5 Pagesis a risk or not, the assessment procedures needed to take place as required in Article 5 of the SPS: â€Å"an assessment, as appropriate to the circumstances, of the risks to human, animal or plant life or health, taking into account risk assessment techniques developed by the relevant international organizations ....†. For instance, the Appellate body of WTO in the EC Beef Hormones case has held on risk assessment that: - The risk must be proven, not theoretical - Assessment may go beyond controlledRead MorePharmaceutical Drugs1338 Words   |  6 Pagesvertebrates such as causing a high incidence of intersexuality to wild fishes and reduced growth in amphibians. Assessing potential adverse environmental effects of different pharmaceuticals Numerous classes of pharmaceutical compound such as analgesic, antidepressant, contraceptive, antibiotic, steroids, and hormones were found in water samples (Patneedi et al. 2015). A study done by Sanderson et al. (2004b) used the hazard quotient (HQ) assessment, which is the ratio calculated using the potential exposureRead MoreEvaluate The Impact Technological Changes Have Had On The Economics Of Health Care868 Words   |  3 PagesTwo of the most disruptive in terms of re-ordering capital expense (CAPEX) spending are cloud computings impact on medical records management (Corredor, Martà ­nez, Familiar, 2011) and telemedicine administered remotely over the Internet (Johansson, Wild, 2010). The economics of healthcare are being changed both structurally and at the patient experience level, which together are re-ordering the entire value chain of healthcare service delivery and monitoring. Cloud computing-based medical recordsRead MoreEssay about Salmon Farming1573 Words   |  7 PagesAtlantic salmon and five species of Pacific. Atlantic salmon account for almost 95 percent of the farmed salmon produced, and most of them are farm-raised on the pacific coast. Pacific species account for all of the wild salmon caught in the Americas and some of them are also farm-raised. No wild Atlantic salmon are fished commercially in North America, as they are an endangered species. Atlantic salmon have become the species of choice to raise on farms because they are more adaptable to the farming techniquesRead MoreMediated Clot Reaction Process1562 Words   |  6 Pagesintegrin ÃŽ ±IIbÃŽ ²3–mediated clot retraction process between PECAM-1-/- and wild-type platelets At the experiment outset, the PECAM-1 deficient mouse population was healthy and displayed normal Mendelian inheritance ratios.12 In addition, the population was within a haematologically normal range and displayed normal platelet production.12 During the first months of life, when compared to the age-and sex-matched population of wild mice, the homozygous PECAM-1 knockout mouse population struggled to growRead MoreIdentify the Significant Cultural Issues Involved When Evaluating the Attractiveness of a Particular Location as a Place for Doing Business708 Words   |  3 Pagesattitudes, manners and customs, social structure, religion, personal communication, and education. â€Å"An assessment of any nation’s overall business climate is typically the first step in analyzing its potential as a host for international commercial activity† (Wild). Aesthetics is known as the â€Å"good taste† in arts, imaginary evoked by certain expressions, and the symbolism of certain colors (Wild). As the book suggests this aspect is important for a company when doing business in another country; the

Operations Management in Retail Business - 3157 Words

Describe the daily operations management used in your retail business. In the retail business, management uses a variety of operational techniques spanning from fulfillment, to sales, to gift wrap, to leased departments procurement. Daily operations are centered on sales and selling effectiveness. The daily operations of the business should therefore reflect the growing need for customer service. Sales managers are used to provide fast feedback on the selling floor while also coaching appropriate behaviors. Merchandise team managers are used to help develop appealing looks on the sales floor while also signing merchandise correctly. This alleviates many of the more common errors of pricing that often hinders customer service. By making sure the sales team is selling correctly and the merchandise ineffectively priced and signed, the daily operations of the business will continues to prosper. In addition there are many support elements that should be included within the daily operations of the business. For instance, the visual appeal of the store should be paramount in regards to operations. Product displays, signage, and merchandise should all be displayed in a manner that promotes sales while minimizing customer displeasure. Maintenance is also a very vital component to the overall success of the daily operations of the store. Cash registers, restrooms, computers, lighting, doors, and displays should all be maintained in a manner that promotes the brand while alsoShow MoreRelatedRetail Tracking Systems1408 Words   |  6 PagesRetail Tracking Systems Retail Pro or MicroStrategy? Retail Pro is Business Intelligence software that enables retail store owners to customize a â€Å"Point-of-Sale† (POS) method of retailing. The key feature of this software is the ability to create multiple revenues of sales inside one store. The software allows employees to select from an array of add-on modules to run a retail establishment using strategic planning and undergoing the various tasks involved operating a retail establishment.Read MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1028 Words   |  5 PagesSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN RETIAL INDUSTRY: CONCEPTS, STRATEGIES AND WALMART CASE STUDY Mian Wang CID: 01090728 Imperial College Business School, MSc Management ABSTRACT With the rapid increase of operation cost and fast development of E-commence in today’s retail industry, traditional operation management models are antiquated. Companies attempt to enhance competitive capacity through management innovation, and an increasing amount of attention is paid to their supply chain management for theRead Morea short essay about ERP803 Words   |  4 Pagesstreamline work process, shorten business process cycles, and increase user productivity. ERP software integrated all facets of an operation, including product planning, development, manufacturing processes, sales and marketing. In this short essay, three ERP application softwares from Oracle, Epicor and Netsuite were compared separately in the form of diagram: Product name Oracle ERP(E-business suite) Introduction Oracle ERP is the core software of Oracle E-Business Suite and Oracle EBS is a setRead MoreEssay about Baker Week Three Assignment Completed 934 Words   |  4 Pagesability to optimize operations in today’s economy or changes needed to enhance operations management. This prospectus will identify those current issues related to operations management that are currently a challenge for Starbucks. For a company to remain competitive in today’s marketplace, a company’s management needs to provide high quality affordable products. Management needs to be able to differentiate among the various products. 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Technology’s Impact on the Role of Retail Managers Working as a retail manager requires great more knowledge than retail managers before them. As a retail manager or a manager period, knowledge of computers is a mustRead MoreRetail Management Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesAn important business man once said, â€Å"There’s an enormous number of managers who have retired on the job† (Retail Industry.About). That is a great phrase that is thoroughly true. Many managers are there simply to get a paycheck and not to actually fulfill their duties. Retail management drives sales, lead associates, manages company programs, provide candid feedback, and ensures that customers and our associates are always number one.(Sales Manager) In order to drive your sales the customer mustRead MoreCase Study: Rogers Choclates Essay examples1227 Words   |  5 PagesRogers Chocolates Strategic Management INTRODUCTION Rogers Chocolates is the oldest chocolate company in Canada based in Victoria, British Columbia. Rogers Chocolates focuses on the premium chocolate market and differentiates itself by delivering award winning quality products at a fair price; this combination creates a good value for its customers. They also have expertise at creating an outstanding customer experience within their Victorian themed retail locations that have also won awardsRead MoreBuster Business Plan Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesDebra J. Lawrence LA6525017 Management 190-SP Entrepreneurship Business Plan BUSINESS PLAN Buster’s Retail Store 1501 Maple St P.O. Box 2534 Tacoma, Washington 98453 * INTRODUCTION * DESCRIPTION * PURPOSE * OWNER/EMPLOYEES * FINANCIALS * SALES FORCAST * PRO FORMA STATEMENT * MARKETING * OPERATIONS * LEGAL/SUNDRY * MAJOR CHALLENGES Introduction and brief description of the venture a. 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Sustainable Business for Journal of Cleaner- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theSustainable Business for Journal of Cleaner Production. Answer: We are living in a competitive world of business and therefore, companies have to adjust their way of operations to continue in existence. Managing the financial, environmental and social risk and responsibilities are what entails business sustainability. The sustainability of business involves three factors including people, profits, and the planet. One of the major structures adopted by the contemporary businesses is the triple bottom line structure which is meant to evaluate the income generated (Martinez-Alier et al., 2014). This technique requires one to evaluate the profits that ones business generates economically, socially as well as environmentally other than concentrating on the old way of focusing on profits only. The triple bottom line is a good way to evaluate the profit made and the sustainability of your business. Social sustainability measures how the business income influences human capital. It helps to understand how the business provides benefits to the city either through supporting local activities or community health. The employees of the business should also be well informed in terms of financial stability and health issues. The social bottom line helps to promote a good working environment for the employees as well as goodwill from the community at large. Where the business is not cultivating good relations with the community, the customers, and its employees, it starts shrinking. The social bottom line assesses the long-term sustainability of the business (Ortiz Bansal, 2016). The social bottom line structure states that the corporate and labor interests are interdependent. With a desirable workplace, employees under social bottom-line structure will make every effort to be part of the business. Environmental sustainability means observing, controlling and reporting to the responsible authorities about business depletions, wastes, and the discharges. The business environmental resources may include the water sources used, gases and renewable energy. If the business is less involved with negative environmental issues, it has a longer sustainability period. The business ought to establish a sustainability committee meant to enable a smooth flow of the business and intervening for viable solutions whenever sustainability issues arise. Such solution should include recycling of the waste products to reduce pollution. Measuring economic sustainability should entail checking the impact of the business on the suppliers, employees and the community as a whole (Boons et al., 2013). A business that focusses on empowering the economy is the one that will continue to excel in the future. Business owners should evaluate whether the business promotes the local supplier for him to stay in the market if it embraces innovation if employees are getting better salaries and if the materials used are economically acceptable. By practicing the triple bottom line method, the business is able to recognize its current place in the economy and understand its ability to be a going concern (Savitz, 2013).However, none of the bottom lines can sustain a business on its own. There are several kinds of capital in a business. The most common form of capital is finance. Finance may take the form of a debt or equity. Finance plays a vital role in the operations of a business by meeting all financial obligations that are required. Sometimes businesses acquire loans to fund their operations whenever they are financially constrained. be. Skills, knowledge, health and experience are what comprises of human capital (Robb Robinson, 2014). Employees are the most important and incorporated assets of a business. High costs are involved in hiring, placement, training as well as resigning of the workers. The period during which new employees have to adapt to their job can have some effect to the production and growth of the business. No business tends to enjoy the high levels of job turnover. This is because working with experienced and well-known employees is easier, productive and efficient. Intellectual capital includes the intangible assets such as patents, trademarks and the equity of the brand (Stam Arzlanian Elfring, 2014). The net worth of intellectual capital contributes to the sustainability of a business. Concept and tactics established through the intellectual capital give a valued perception into the operations of a business. Social and relationship capital comprises of groups, systems, and individuals who are united for a common goal. Undisputed example of social relational capital is the development and promotion of interactions with universities, philosophers and other bases of intellectual capital. The natural resources and ecosystems like climate make up the natural capital. Natural capital is mainly utilized by the extractive companies. However, that does not mean that it is not useful to other organizations. Manufactured capital includes goods, services delivery, and the supply networks. Manufactured capital is a key driver of the perpetual existence o f every business. The phases of a business approach to sustainability are rejection, compliance, the sustaining corporation, efficiency, strategic proactivity and non-responsiveness (Willard, 2012). When the organization exploits the resources of the company, including the employees for economic gain, it results in the rejection of social practices. Non-responsiveness occurs when a firm concentrates on the daily chores while ignoring its future sustainability. Compliance lessens the risk of approval for not attaining the set standards. Efficiency revolves around creating awareness to the managers on the benefits of adopting and implementing the sustainability methods. Strategic proactivity occurs once sustainability is undertaken to get hold of additional opportunities. The sustaining corporation reveals an adoption of sustainability and contributes to fair, reasonable and independent community practices. Businesses have been seen to be successfully engaging in the sustainable practices in the current world of business (Wiek, Withycombe Redman, 2011). Such may include the Pepsi Which is a food and Beverage Company. It has been revealed that changes in climatic conditions, water shortage, and public well-being are an imminent challenge to business sustainability. General electric via its human resource section is incorporating sustainability into the companys values. Nike is a sports gear international that take part in sustainable designs through its product collection, as designers are able to come up with acceptable cloths in the market. The business managers have to face the task of performing their duties with honesty, standing with bravery towards a healthy society that will practice sustainable methods while truncating along a sustainable world. References Boons, F., Montalvo, C., Quist, J., Wagner, M. (2013). Sustainable innovation, business models, and economic performance: an overview.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, 1-8. Martinez-Alier, J., Anguelovski, I., Bond, P., Del Bene, D., Demaria, F. (2014). Between activism and science: grassroots concepts for sustainability coined by Environmental Justice Organizations. Routledge Ortiz?de?Mandojana, N., Bansal, P. (2016). The long?term benefits of organizational resilience through sustainable business practices.Strategic Management Journal,37(8), 1615-1631. Robb, A. M., Robinson, D. T. (2014). The capital structure decisions of new firms.The Review of Financial Studies,27(1), 153-179. Savitz, A. (2013).The triple bottom line: how today's best-run companies are achieving economic, social and environmental success-and how you can too. John Wiley Sons. Stam, W., Arzlanian, S., Elfring, T. (2014). The social capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance: A meta-analysis of contextual and methodological moderators.Journal of Business Venturing,29(1), 152-173. Wiek, A., Withycombe, L., Redman, C. L. (2011). Key competencies in sustainability: a reference framework for academic program development.Sustainability science,6(2), 203-218. Willard, B. (2012).The new sustainability advantage: seven business case benefits from a triple bottom line. New Society Publishers.

New York Times Coverage of the Nike+ Advertising Campaign

Abstract This paper evaluates the New York Times coverage of the advertising campaign undertaken by the Nike company in 2007 to generate sale for its Nike+ sensor, used to help runners log and organize their training runs. Nike was one of many companies at the time that switched its focus away from traditional advertising outlets such as magazine advertisements and celebrity endorsed television commercials and instead shifted its attention to the potential of the web to create interactive consumer relationships.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New York Times Coverage of the Nike+ Advertising Campaign specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nike is well known for large scale advertising campaigns of the 1980s and 1990s that made full use of traditional advertising vehicles such as television. Perhaps the most famous examples are the Michael Jordan commercials from the eighties and the Tiger Woods campaigns of th e nineties. In both campaigns, millions of dollars were spent not only on the celebrities themselves, but on the television networks that ran the commercials. In recent years Nike has changed its advertising focus to the Internet; web based advertising has generated record profits for the company, and has also create a closer, more stable and resilient brand loyalty amongst Nike consumers. The company recognized the ever growing presence of the web as a staple advertising engine. Nike’s target market now spends most of its time on the web and on mobile devices, and the company has adjusted its advertising campaigns and advertising budgets to reflect this shift in consumer interest and attention. This paper analyzes the article The New Advertising Outlet: Your Life, which appeared in the Media and Advertising section of the New York Times on October 14, 2007. At that time the Nike company was at the vanguard of a new breed of advertising campaign that switched its focus away f rom traditional advertising outlets such as magazine advertisements and celebrity endorsed television commercials and instead shifted its attention to the web and local, in-person community based events to market their clothing, shoes and exercise equipment (Story 2007). In 2007 Nike launched a campaign to create an interactive advertising and build relationships with consumers directly through its web site and other electronic based advertising and media channels (Story 2007). This campaign was so successful that Nike entirely transformed its advertising ethos and saved millions on its advertising budget (Story 2007).Advertising Looking for research paper on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Historically, Nike has spent millions on advertising. The advertising campaign covered in the article was incredibly successful from a cost savings perspective. In 2006 Nike spent just over 30 per cent of the $678 million it ha d earmarked for its United States advertising budget, which would have gone to traditional advertisements on television networks and traditional media outlets such as magazines, newspapers and billboards (Story 2007). By way of comparison, in 1996 the company spent 55 per cent of its United States advertising budget (Story 2007). With a savings of over 20 per cent, the switch to online advertising was a win-win situation for Nike: not only did the campaign generate profit, it saved money (Story 2007). Nike made full use of the Internet as part of its communications and advertising strategy (Story 2007). Nike’s Internet advertising strategy creates a relationship with consumers; the company’s approach is reciprocal, and creates an interactive relationship between consumers, products and the web (Story 2007). On of the examples described in the article is the Nike+, a tiny sensor that runners place in their running shoes that can help them track their training regimen (S tory 2007). At the end of every training session, runners dock their mobile devices into their computers and upload the particulars of their run onto the Nike+ site (Story 2007). In this way, Nike’s Internet advertising strategy provides the conduit for community, all the while boosting sales and creating a long term relationship with consumers via the web. Runners who use Nike+ can make â€Å"friends with other runners around the world who post running routes, meet up in the real world and encourage one another on the site† (Story 2007). According to Story (2007), Nike’s â€Å"famous swoosh is there all along. For Nike, this is advertising† (Story 2007). The company connects directly with consumers online. â€Å"It’s a very different way to connect with consumers, says Trevor Edwards, Nike’s corporate vice president for global brand and category management† (Story 2007). â€Å"People are coming [to the site] on average three times a week. So we’re not having to go to them† (Story 2007). The campaign’s effectiveness surprised even the senior management of Nike. In the summer of 2007 the company recorded over two million visitors to its family of Nike-owned web sites, and in terms of sales, the campaign encouraged tremendous growth. According to Story (2007), the company’s global sales grew â€Å"to more than $16 billion from $10 billion. And executives say the new type of marketing is a part of that trend† (Story 2007). At the time of the article’s writing, the company planned to deploy the Nike+ idea in some of its other product categories, including â€Å"basketball, tennis and soccer† (Story 2007).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New York Times Coverage of the Nike+ Advertising Campaign specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sales support for the campaign was a combination of the virtual interaction with consumers who used the Nike+, and on the ground in person sales associates who manned Nike’s athletically-inspired sales events, such as the 2006 â€Å"three-on-three soccer matches for youths in 37 countries and its San Francisco marathon for women† (Story 2007). The article also highlighted some of Nike’s other in person and in store services that fell under the auspices of the advertising campaign (Story 2007). An example was the company’s sponsorship of a â€Å"Nike Running Club† that it operated from its flagship New York store (Story 2007). The Nike Running Club helps New York City runners map out their running routes, gather training advice for their runs, and sit in on speaker series and running workshops (Story 2007). The engine behind this shift in advertising focus remains the power of the web to attract and hold consumer attention, which represents â€Å"a fundamental change in Nike’s view of the role of advert ising,† as well as a fundamental shift in consumer behavior (Story 2007) . The article highlights other campaigns that do use celebrity endorsements, however these ads â€Å"are shown only on the Internet† (Story 2007). An example offered by the article is the campaign featuring British soccer star Wayne Rooney in a series of videos, all of which premiered online, as well as the 2005 â€Å"2-minute, 46-second clip of the Brazilian soccer player Ronaldinho† which also premiered online (Story 2007). This video generated more than â€Å"17 million views on YouTube and became so well known that some television networks like Sky Sports and the BBC showed it in their news coverage — free† (Story 2007). According to the Nike executives interviewed for the article, the company’s â€Å"future advertising spending will take the form of services for consumers, like workout advice, online communities and local sports competitions,† with the goal o f the advertising campaign to build brand loyalty first and foremost online (Story 2007). According to Stefan Olander, Nike’s global director for brand connections, Nike wants â€Å"to find a way to enhance the experience and services, rather than looking for a way to interrupt people from getting to where they want to go† (Story 2007). The campaign sells Nike expertise as well as its products, and creates a service so â€Å"that the consumer goes, ‘Wow, you really made this easier for me† (Story 2007). References Story, L. (2007, October 14) The new advertising outlet: Your life. The New York Times. Retrieved from www.nytimes.comAdvertising Looking for research paper on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on New York Times Coverage of the Nike+ Advertising Campaign was written and submitted by user Jake Lott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Impede and Impinge

Impede and Impinge Impede and Impinge Impede and Impinge By Maeve Maddox A reader questions the use of the preposition on after impede in a newspaper headline: I don’t think â€Å"on† is needed or correct [in this headline]: â€Å"Washington’s weeklong power outage impeding on Thanksgiving.† I’d love to hear your thoughts. The reader is correct. Impede does not take a preposition. Here are examples of correct usage: Flamingo Road  construction will impede  traffic through 2016 Natural selection, key to evolution, also  can impede  formation of new species. Do emotions  impede  logic or do emotions contribute to being rational? Five Negative Thoughts that  Impede  Weight Loss In each example, impede is a transitive verb followed by a direct object. Impede combines the Latin negative prefix im- with the Latin word for foot. The meaning of Latin impedire is â€Å"to shackle the feet.† The English transitive verb impede means, â€Å"to retard in progress or action by putting obstacles in the way; to obstruct; to hinder; to stand in the way of.† The person who wrote â€Å"Washington’s weeklong power outage impeding on Thanksgiving† may have been reaching for impinging. Latin impingere means â€Å"to push, strike, drive [something] at or into something else. A common meaning of the English verb impinge is â€Å"to encroach or infringe on or upon.† When that’s the meaning, impinge is followed by the preposition on (or upon): But at what point does  my  freedom to act  impinge on  your freedom? I don’t care what they do in their private lives just as long as they  dont impinge on my rights.   Is it acceptable to  impinge on  certain civil liberties for  the sake of national security? Is it possible to set up quiet areas without  impinging on playground  space? Dido Sued for Impinging on an Astronaut’s Persona The noise from next door was impinging upon my  concentration. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply with"Owing to" vs "Due to"3 Types of Essays Are Models for Professional Writing Forms

Exercise, College Grades, and Graduation Rates

Exercise, College Grades, and Graduation Rates You already know that regular exercise is important for controlling weight and avoiding a variety of health conditions. But it can also improve your academic performance. And, if youre a distance learning student, you may miss out on some of the opportunities for physical activity afforded to more traditional students who routinely walk around campus. But it’s well worth the effort to plan for it schedule exercise into your daily regimen.   Regular Exercisers Have Higher GPAs and Graduation Rates Jim Fitzsimmons, Ed.D, director of Campus Recreation and Wellness at the University of Nevada, Reno, tells ThoughtCo, â€Å"What we know is students who exercise regularly- at least 3 times a week- at an intensity of eight times resting (7.9 METS) graduate at higher rates, and earn, on average, a full GPA point higher than their counterparts who do not exercise.† The study, published in the Journal of Medicine Science in Sports Medicine, defines physical activity as at least 20 minutes of vigorous movement (at least 3 days a week) that produces sweat and heavy breathing, or moderate movement for at least 30 minutes that doesn’t produce sweat and heavy breathing (at least 5 days a week). Think you don’t have time to exercise? Mike McKenzie, PhD, chair of Exercise Physiology Sports Medicine at Winston-Salem State University, and president-elect of the Southeast American College of Sports Medicine, tells ThoughtCo, â€Å"A group led by Dr. Jennifer Flynn investigated this during her time at Saginaw Valley State and found that students who studied over three hours per day were 3.5 times more likely to be exercisers.† And McKenzie says, â€Å"Students with a GPA above 3.5 were 3.2 times more likely to be regular exercisers than those with GPAs under 3.0.† Over a decade ago, McKenzie said researchers discovered a link between exercise, concentration, and focus in children. â€Å"A group at Oregon State led by Dr. Stewart Trost found significantly improved concentration, memory, and behavior in school-aged children compared to kids who had additional lesson time.†Ã‚   More recently, a study by Johnson Johnson Health and Wellness Solutions reveals that even short â€Å"microbursts† of physical activity throughout the day can have positive effects. Jennifer Turgiss, DrPH, vice president of Behavioral Science and Analytics at Johnson Johnson Health and Wellness Solutions, tells ThoughtCo that sitting for long periods of time – which college students are prone to do- can have a negative health effect. â€Å"However, our study found that five-minute bouts of walking every hour had a positive impact on mood, fatigue, and hunger at the end of a day,† Turgiss says.   This may be particularly beneficial to students who also work a full-time job and study in the evening and nighttime hours. â€Å"Having more mental and physical energy at the end of a day that requires a lot of sitting, such as a student’s day, can leave them with more personal resources to do other activities,† Turgiss concludes. So How Does Exercise Improve Academic Performance? In his book, Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain, John Ratey, a Harvard professor of psychiatry, writes, â€Å"Exercise stimulates our gray matter to produce Miracle-Gro for the brain.† A study by researchers at the University of Illinois found that physical activity increased the ability of elementary school students to pay attention, and also increased their academic performance. Exercise lowers stress and anxiety while increasing focus. â€Å"Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) which plays a role in memory is significantly elevated after an intense bout of exercise,† according to Fitzgerald. â€Å"This is a fairly deep subject with both physiologic and psychological factors at play,† he explains. In addition to affecting a student’s cognitive skills, exercise improves academic performance in other ways. Dr. Niket Sonpal, assistant professor at Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, tells ThoughtCo that exercise causes three human physiology and behavior changes.   1. Exercise Requires Time Management Sonpal believes that students who don’t schedule a time to exercise tend to be unstructured and also don’t schedule time to study. â€Å"That is why gym class in high school was so important; it was practice for the real world,† Sonpal says. â€Å"Scheduling personal workout time forces college students to also schedule study time and this teaches them the importance of block timing, and prioritization of their studies.† 2. Exercise Combats Stress Several studies have proven the link between exercise and stress. â€Å"Vigorous exercise a few times a week reduces your stress levels, and likely reduces cortisol, which is a stress hormone,† Sonpal says. He explains that these reductions are vitally important to college students. â€Å"Stress hormones inhibit memory production and your ability to sleep: two key things needed to score high on exams.†Ã‚   3. Exercise Induces Better Sleep Cardiovascular exercise leads to a better quality of sleep. â€Å"Better sleep means moving your studies from short term to long term memory during REM,† Sonpal says. â€Å"That way, on test day you remember that teeny tiny fact that gets you the scores you need.† It’s tempting to think you’re so busy that you can’t afford to exercise. However, the exact opposite is true: you can’t afford not to exercise. Even in you cant commit to 30-minute sessions, 5- or 10-minute spurts during the course of the day could make a significant difference in your academic performance.

Memento Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Memento - Essay Example In the short story version â€Å"Memento Mori† a man named Earl has lost his short term memory after he and his wife were viciously attacked by an unknown assailant. His wife was killed in the attack but Earl sustained severe head injuries resulting in his short term amnesia. Because he can only remember things for about ten minutes at a time, he uses notes and tattoos to keep track of new information. The story goes between two time-frames. In the first time frame Earl is in a mental institution. The second time frame details his escape from the mental institution which he does not remember. During his escape he sets out to avenge the murder of his wife by finding her killer. Since Earl is lacking long term memory he relies on notes, tattoos and a third person narrative to help him. The story is told using the third person narrative along with a first person narrative. The first person narrative is told from Earl’s point of view with sentences beginning with â€Å"you †, while the third person narrative is an outsider to the story. â€Å" The function of the third-person narration is to juxtapose an external view of Earl with the internal views that Earl expresses in his writing. The third person narrator describes how Earl's short-term memory loss affects his behavior. The external narrator shows Earl stumbling around and reading his endless notes.† (Nolan n. pag.) Earl succeeds in killing his wife’s but cannot remember this incident. The story ends with Earl in the back of a police car after he is arrested for killing his wife’s’ murderer. The film â€Å"Memento† was directed by Christopher Nolan. (Jonathan Nolan’s brother) In it the main character is named Leonard Shelby. Like Earl, Leonard and his wife were attacked viciously by unknown assailants and his wife is killed in the attack. Leonard was brutally beaten by the same man who killed his wife and as a result of this vicious attack he has no short-term memory. Leonard killed the attacker who raped and strangled his wife, but a second clubbed him and escaped. After an investigation by law enforcement, police determined that the attacker who was killed by Leonard acted alone. However Leonard insists that there was a second attacker that he believed was named John G. Like Earl in the short story version Leonard conducts his own investigation using a system of notes and tattoos in order to help himself cope with short term memory loss. He also adds Polaroid photos to help him. However while Earl acted alone Leonard has the help of Natalie, a barmaid and Teddy who claims to be Leonard’s friend. These people seem to random people that Leonard comes across who do not seem to have anything to do with the other. (â€Å"Memento†)Unlike Earl who saw the face of his wife’s killer, â€Å"You remember his face†, (sheepdean), Leonard never saw the faces of the perpetrators in the attack. As a result he win ds up being manipulated by Teddy and Natalie into killing two wrong men. (â€Å"Memento†) The plot of the film version goes from the end of the movie to the beginning of the movie (end of the plot). There are color sequences interconnected with black and white sequences throughout the movie. (Memento) The black and white sequences begin with Leonard sitting in a motel room talking on the phone to an unknown person. The color sequences are also not shown in order. Once Leonard finds out the license plate of â€Å"

Reflective Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Reflective Journal - Assignment Example I can contribute to sustainable development by changing my lifestyle in meaningful ways. I can monitor my use of water so that I do not waste it or use it unnecessarily. I can also dispose of recyclable material properly and dispose of all waste appropriately. I can reduce my use of energy and fossil fuels with a view to reducing carbon emissions. When possible, I can also donate to charities for feeding the poor to reduce their reliance on the exploitation on marine life and other natural food sources. Lecture 2: The three main points were: Sustainable development became a state obligation via the Rio Declaration of 1992; states’ obligation are contradicted by various UN Resolutions grants states sovereignty over their natural resources; and that climate changes now requires public participation via the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992. Tutorial 2: I contributed to answering the various questions raised in Tutorial 2. These questions related to the role of the UN in international environmental law, identifying the principles of environmental protection contained in the Rio Declaration of 1992, and various questions relative to the definition and legal nature of treaties and conventions. I observed that there was a significant problem in the context of international environmental law. The various instruments were only binding on states and do not make provision for non-state actors. It can therefore be assumed that non-state actors’ effect on the environment are covered by national law. Alternatively, as a non-state actor, I can choose to take the initiative to responsibly use only environmentally friendly goods and ensure that my choices and behaviour do not contribute to a depletion of natural resources. Lecture 3: Three main points are: As the earth’s resources are decreasing the world population is increasing; in the meantime, the world is experiencing climate change and carbon emissions from fossil fuels is the

Bad Grades Essay Example for Free

Bad Grades Essay I am writing to offer an explanation for a change in academic performance that is noticeable on my high school transcript. From the start of my freshman year until the end of my junior year, it is evident through analysis of my transcript that I have been an above average student consistently throughout my high school career. However, starting at around August 2010, problems arose in my family of which I believe made it impossible for me to continue my 100% focus on school. Halfway into my senior year, my father was laid off from his job. Since he was the only source of income at that time, our family of five was forced to move from our comfortable lives at our four bedroom house into our grandmother’s two bedroom house. This was a drastic change for all of us, as we have never shared a house with anyone, especially one of this size. I no longer had a room in which I was able to do my schoolwork in silence. This drastic change, I believe, interrupted my focus on school because of the attention it required from me. During my first semester I was often required to miss school by my parents, reason being that I had to help out in the movement process and had to visit an ill uncle out of town. I take full responsibility of my underperformance during the first semester of my senior year and am not look to make excuses. My main goal in making this letter is just to offer insight on what it is I believe influenced my underperformance. I sincerely ask you to consider me as an applicant and to not let this recent semester define me as a student. I greatly appreciate your time in reading this letter.

A Tale of Two Hearts in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre :: Jane Eyre Essays

A TALE OF TWO HEARTS While an artist uses a variety of colors and brushes to create a portrait, Charlotte Bronte used contrasting characters and their vivid personalities to create a masterpiece of her own.   In her novel Jane Eyre, Bronte uses narration and her characters to portray the struggle between a society’s Victorian realism and the people’s repressed urges of Romanticism.   In order to discern between the Victorian and Romantic themes, Bronte selects certain characters to portray the perfect stereotype of each theme.   Mademoiselle Celine Varens is the model of the Romantic attitude.   Varens a â€Å"French opera-dancer† found herself as the â€Å"grande passion† of Mr. Rochester.   The amour between Rochester and Varens started in a â€Å"complete establishment of servants, a carriage, cashmere, diamonds, dentells, etc.† and ended with Rochester â€Å"finding her out† with another man.   Varens’ irrationality did not only affect Rochester, but also her child: â€Å"she abandoned her child and ran away with a musician or singer.†Ã‚   Celine Varens, a woman in a daring profession, led a life of passion, freedom and irresponsibility.   Her life was ballad of adventure idolized by Romantics but frowned upon by society.   Mrs. Reed is the perfect representative of Victorian realism.   She had all t he visual attributes found in a Victorian styled lady.   She possessed gentry as the mistress of Gateshead Hall and her material wealth was made obvious by the luxuries found in her home –â€Å"a bed supported on massive pillows of mahogany, hung with curtains of damask†Ã¢â‚¬â€and in her children â€Å"in their Muslim frocks and scarlet sashes.†Ã‚   Besides wealth and gentility, Mrs. Reed also maintained Victorian characteristics of insularity and censoriousness.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Eliza, John and Georgiana were now clustered round their mama in the drawing room: she lay reclined on the sofa by the fireplace and her darlings about her†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Mrs. Reed literally maintains insularity – snobbishly creating an island of her and her children, detaching themselves from Jane.   Lastly Mrs. Reed exercised censoriousness towards Jane on a continual basis until Jane was left with â€Å"a habitual mood of humiliation, self doubt, forlorn depression.†Ã‚   Jane’s state is the result of the Victorian need of moral severity, which was expressed by blame and disapproval.   Bronte uses Varens and Reed to paint the contrast between the Romantics controlled by emotion, freedom and imagination and the Victorians who exhibit middle-class stuffiness and pompous conservatism. But any author can capture the essence of two societies and illustrate the opposites in two opposing characters.

Little Red Riding Hood Revisited Essay

People often ask me about the large grey wolf hide I keep hanging above the fireplace. I will admit it does seem rather odd for a young girl to have such a thing, and I assure you that the story behind it is even stranger. A story I have told many times to guests and passers by, and I always get the same look of disbelief, but I assure that this story is as true as they come. Walking to my Grandmother’s house was not a strange occurrence for me I had done many times, only this time would be far different. I had no idea of the events that were to unfold as I opened the door and entered Grandmother’s cabin. Grandma, are you there? † I called out as I entered the cabin. I made sure to move cautiously so that I did not hit my knees on anything in the dark. â€Å"I am in here darling. † I heard my Grandmother respond from the bedroom. I lit a lantern, and moved into the room where I found my grandmother lying peacefully in her bed. â€Å"Grandmother, I brought you fresh bread and vegetables from the market,† I exclaimed proudly as I removed my red overcoat and tossed it onto the rocking chair in the corner. â€Å"I will be back in a few minutes Grandmother. I am going to put on some stew, I hope you are hungry. â€Å"Oh, you have no idea, my dear. † My Grandmother said in somewhat of raspy whisper. â€Å"Grandmother, what is wrong with your voice? † â€Å"Oh nothing my dear, I think I am coming down with a bit of a cold. † Her voice, although sweeter than I remembered it, sounded forced and uncomfortable. Thinking nothing of it, I resumed my post, slicing vegetables and warming the broth over the fire. One by one as I finished making my cuts, I slid the slices into the broth, first the carrots, followed by onions and celery, and finally finishing with the tomatoes and potatoes. My stew was coming along nicely so I heated up some water on the side and began to boil tea leaves in a kettle to try and ease my grandmother’s sore throat and relieve her cold. â€Å"Red, how is everything going in there sweetie? † My grandmother queried anxiously from her comfortable perch in the bedroom. â€Å"Everything is coming along just fine Grandmother,† I replied, a little irritated. I had no idea why my Grandmother was in such a mood today, I had never seen her be this pushy and hurried. I stirred the stew one more and removed it from the fire in order to let it cool down as I made my grandmother a cup of tea. I ladled fresh hot soup into one of the bowls on my Grandmother’s counter, and then placed it along with a glass of tea on a wooden tray, and presented it to my Grandmother while she remained in bed in the dimly lit corner of the room. â€Å"Thank you my dear,† She said eerily. â€Å"I just don’t think I am in the mood for this stew. † â€Å"Grandmother, what are you talking about? † I exclaimed, â€Å"This is your favorite soup, you have made this soup for me since I was a little girl. † I paused and waited for a response but none was given. â€Å"Grandmother? † I peeped cautiously becoming more and more worried about what was going on. Grandmother? † I peeped again. Another long pause passed without as much as a whisper from Grandmother. I quickly grabbed the lantern that I had lit earlier and brought it close to the bed, shining as much light as I could on the growingly creepy situation. As I peered into my Grandmother’ s eyes, I noticed they looked strange. I looked closer, locked in her gaze, and, without even noticing, I whispered aloud, â€Å"Grandma, what big eyes you have. † â€Å"All the better to see you with my dear. † She answered in a strange tone that was as unfamiliar to me as her lack on interest in her favorite soup. Stranger still than her tone was the unmistakable largeness of her mouth, and even more so her teeth. I never remembered seeing her teeth that large. â€Å"Grandmother, what big teeth you have,† I muttered. â€Å"All the better to eat you with,† She replied. I gasped aloud as the shocking realization began to sweep over me. The loving Grandmother I had always known had been replaced by an unusually large wolf. I jumped out of the chair, and made a move for the door when the wolf, moving like lighting, blocked my path. â€Å"Why the rush? † asked the wolf slyly, with an air of arrogance. He quickly reached out for my throat, but underestimated me as I dodged and crawled through his legs. â€Å"You can’t run from me! † the wolf exclaimed as I used every once of energy I had to sprint through the front door and out into the forest. I could hear the loud crackling of breaking twigs and the scratch of the wolf’s claws against the hard frozen bark as he gave chase. I kept zigging and zagging, trying my hardest to remain a hard target for the wolf, but I could feel his breath getting closer and closer to my neck. Suddenly, in the distance I noticed an outline of a man, walking through the forest. I turned my sprint in his direction, and pumped my legs with everything they had left. With every step closer to the man, I felt more and more assured that I might yet live to see another day. â€Å"Help†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Help! † I yelled at the top of my lungs to the stranger in the distance. He turned around and I could see a lumberjack’s axe in his hands. I ran and ran, until finally I could reach out and grab the man. When I did, I turned around and noticed that the wolf was no longer behind me. â€Å"What is it, my dear? † The man asked in a calm voice as if not a single thing was out of place in the forest. Sir, a massive wolf has eaten my grandmother, and is chasing me. † I cried out as if my life depended on it. â€Å"Sweetheart, I see no wolf,† The man replied. Right at that exact moment, I noticed a large shadow over the man’s shoulder and looked up to see the wolf soaring through the air out of the trees. The wolf landed perfectly with it’s paws on my shoulders pinning me to the ground, but not attacking, just holding me there. â€Å"Oh, that wolf,† The man said calmly without so much as a hint of worry. â€Å"You did not tell me that you had met my pet. † â€Å"What are you talking about? † I sobbed loudly. Do you have any idea how hard it is to train a wolf? † The man jested. â€Å"Especially to train one to hide people’s relatives and lure little girls out to the forest. † â€Å"My Grandmother is alive? † I asked immediately. â€Å"Of course, she is. I have no taste for bitter old women. † The man seemed almost pleased with himself as one does when an elaborate plan comes together. â€Å"Enough of the small talk. † The man muttered casually. â€Å"Time to get you dressed out and ready for the dinner table. † I looked up, and watched as the man lined up the axe with my throat, and slowly raised it over his head. I had no choice but to close my eyes, and prepare myself for the inevitable. Just then, I heard the loud crack of a rifle, and looked up to see a horrifying grimace on the man’s face. I felt a drop hit my face as I noticed the red pool begin to grow on the man’s chest. His strength fading quickly, he dropped the axe. I reached up desperately, and grabbed the axe as it made its descent and caught it firmly in my hands. Rising to my feet I noticed the man lying on the ground clutching his chest and breathing heavily. Without so much as a moment’s hesitation, I drew the axe above my ead, and brought it swiftly down on the man’s neck, ending his suffering and life. I looked around frantically searching for the wolf, for I knew I wasn’t out of danger yet. Confirming my suspicions, I noticed the wolf running through the woods headed right for me, I raised the axe, ready to defend myself, when I heard another shot from a rifle, and watched as the wolf hit ground and slid to my feet dead. Shocked and relieved, I looked around for my savior. Camouflaged well I couldn’t find anyone. â€Å"Hello! † I shouted into the seemingly empty woods. My heart leapt with joy as I heard a familiar voice call back to me. Over here dear,† I ran toward the sound and looked upon the face with the familiar voice. â€Å"Grandma! † I shouted wildly. â€Å"I thought you were dead. † â€Å"Not at all dear, it would take more than an overgrown wolf to get the best of this old lady. † Surprised at this seemingly impossible turn of events, I went to ask her how this was possible, but all I could muster was a whimper. â€Å"I see you are shocked my dear, let me explain,† She said, calm as could be. My Grandmother then told me the story of how the wolf had taken her to a cave and left her there, presumably to take post in her bed. What the wolf and the hunter had not known was that Grandma was a widow, and had to fend for herself in the woods. She had been hunting this forest since she was a young woman some 25 years ago. That night Grandma and I ate quite a stew complete with wolf meat. Dinner was over and the dishes were clean, and, as Grandma sat by the fire cleaning her rifle, I relaxed after a hectic day in the rocking chair and dozed off under the warmth of my brand new cloak, a long over-sized wolf pelt which I gladly wore over my old red one.

Analyze the Ways in Which British Imperial Policies

Analyze the ways in which British imperial policies between 1763 and 1776 intensified colonial resistance to British rule and their commitment to republican values. As generations grew up in America, nationalism within the colonies grew towards their new country. These settlers slowly lost their patriotic tie to Great Britain and it’s ruler, King George III. So when the French and Indian War ended in America, and the indebted England needed some compensation from American settlers in the form of taxes, the colonists questioned the authority of England and their ability to rule them. British imperial policies such as the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Townshend Tea Tax caused uproar within the colonies against British rule without colonial representation. This caused unrest and gave rise to republicanistic ideas of an America with political leaders who were chosen instead of born into power. The more taxes Britain sent to America, the more protest was started against their policies. They argued that without colonial representation in Parliament, the government could enforce the taxes legally without taking away their natural rights. Parliament responded with the idea of a virtual representation in Parliament that spoke for all of the king’s subjects. This gave rise to the phrase ‘No taxation without representation,’ which became a rallying point for unhappy colonists against British oppression. Many Americans refused to follow the orders given in policies such as the Quartering Act which required colonists to feed and shelter British soldiers who were stationed in America; and protested the Navigation Laws which deferred colonial trade to Great Britain to gain profit by supporting nonimportation and petitions. As a result, the Sugar Act was reduced and the Stamp Act completely removed within the colonies due to the colonists active disagreement to the use of authority to tax the colonists unlawfully, or so they thought. In England, the British citizens were being taxed just as much, if not more, than the colonists to help pay for the past wars expenses. When Parliament passed a new policy on tea which was harder to resist, the colonists were infuriated. Protests in the streets against the British soldiers for this Townshend Tea Tax led to the first bloodshed early in the Revolution. The â€Å"Boston Massacre† was the killing of eleven citizens on the streets of Boston when a group of sixty colonists led by Crispus Attucks were protesting the new act. The news of this slaughter was spread throughout the colonies by the Committees of Correspondence set up by a rich politician named Samuel Adams. These committees made it possible for information on everything resistance-related to reach all of the colonies in due time. In this way was news of the Boston Massacre spread across the United States which created outrage across the country. As tea was shipped to America under the new tea tax, rebellion stirred in Boston. Colonists disguised themselves and pillaged the trade ships, ruining millions of dollars worth of tea. In response to this, Parliament passed the ‘Intolerable Acts’ which outraged the colonists even further by closing the Boston ports, placing Massachusetts under royal authority, and allowing the Catholic French to settle along the Ohio River Valley under the new policies. Thus continued Parliament to colonist battle as the First Continental Congress met to discuss their rights as subjects under the king and announce the changes they wanted made in the Declaration of Rights which argued that the natural rights of man were being taken away from them under the royal ruling. This was ignored by the British which increased the discontent of overseas authority to the colonial people who called for a change in power. British imperial policies such as the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Townshend Tea Tax caused uproar within the colonies against British rule without colonial representation. This caused unrest and gave rise to republicanistic ideas of an America with political leaders who were chosen instead of born into power. The colonists cried out against their denial of rights as citizens and unjust ruling. These policies increased protest and political disapproval throughout the colonies in a rebellious atmosphere of resistance

Ancient rome essays

Ancient rome essays Romes cities were the greatest of the ancient world, and many cities have survived and become modern metropolises. Others did not survive, such as the buried city of Pompeii, whose destruction by volcanic ash froze it in time for over a thousand years. Aspects of everyday life can be seen from Roman cities- the social, economic, political, and religious. The most obvious Roman social custom that can be studied through archaeology is the attraction to huge spectacle entertainments. Pompeii had its own amphitheater long before the capital city did. This custom seems to have begun in the provinces. Large public buildings were filled with people ready to see gladiatorial fights, Greek dramas, public executions, and chariot races. The games in Rome were only held on certain days, decided by the emperor, but people were very passionate about their favorite racing teams and gladiators all the same. The spectacles were also places where people could shout petitions to the emperor, gamble on the races, and flirt with one another. As celebrated by the poet Ovid, the sexes were not segregated at the racetrack. In terms of cleanliness, every city would have one or more public baths. The Romans were very clean people. Their bathhouses included a warm room, a hot room, and a cold room. Baths were segregated by male or female, but as fa r as we can tell, public toilets were not. In regards to economics, Pompeiis main trade was the wool trade, although it also was a producer of wine. Eumachia made her fortune in the wool trade and was the richest woman in Pompeii. She built the building that housed the business, and a statue in her likeness was discovered in it. Other cities and provinces throughout the empire provided other products, such as: glass from Italy, purple dye from Tyre, and grain from Egypt. The fertile Nile Valley was the breadbasket of the empire. The vast empire used money to trade, and not a barter s...

Metallic Character Properties and Trends

Metallic Character Properties and Trends Not all metallic elements are alike, but all share certain qualities. Here youll find what is meant by the metallic character of an element and how metallic character changes as you move across a period or down a group in the periodic table. What Is Metallic Character? Metallic character is the name given to the set of chemical properties associated with elements that are metals. These chemical properties result from how readily metals lose their electrons to form cations (positively charged ions). Physical properties associated with metallic character include metallic luster, shiny appearance, high density, high thermal conductivity, and high electrical conductivity. Most metals are malleable and ductile and can be deformed without breaking. Although many metals are hard and dense, there is actually a wide range of values for these properties, even for elements that are considered highly metallic. Metallic Character and Periodic Table Trends There are trends in metallic character as you move across and down the periodic table. Metallic character decreases as you move across a period in the periodic table from left to right. This occurs as atoms more readily accept electrons to fill a valence shell than lose them to remove the unfilled shell. Metallic character increases as you move down an element group in the periodic table. This is because electrons become easier to lose as the atomic radius increases, where there is less attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons because of the increased distance between them. Recognizing Elements With Metallic Character You can use the periodic table to predict whether or not an element will display metallic character, even if you dont know anything about it. Heres what you need to know: Metallic character is displayed by metals, which are all on the left-hand side of the periodic table. The exception is hydrogen, which is a nonmetal under ordinary conditions. Even hydrogen behaves as a metal when its a liquid or solid, but you should consider it nonmetallic for most purposes.Elements with metallic character occur in certain groups or columns of elements, including the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals (including the lanthanide and actinides below the main body of the periodic table), and the basic metals. Other categories of metals include base metals, noble metals, ferrous metals, heavy metals,  and precious metals.  The metalloids display some metallic character, but this group of elements also has nonmetallic properties. Examples of Elements With Metallic Character Metals that display their character well include: francium (element with highest metallic character)cesium (next highest level of metallic character)sodiumcoppersilverirongoldaluminum Alloys and Metallic Character Although the term metallic character is typically applied to pure elements, alloys may also display metallic character. For example, bronze and most alloys of copper, magnesium, aluminum, and titanium typically display a high level of metallicity. Some metallic alloys consist purely of metals, but most also contain metalloids and nonmetals yet retain the properties of metals.

Explain the concepts listed below. Use your own words to explain, but Essay

Explain the concepts listed below. Use your own words to explain, but cite scholarly sources to support your statements - Essay Example Cultural competence enables patients and doctors to discuss the health concerns in a manner that is respectful and patient leading to positive health outcomes. Culture influences patients behavior and attitude to an illness, its causes, treatment and ultimately healing. Examples are in terminally ill patients e.g. cancer or diabetes. Depending on a patient’s culture, they may take it as a curse or punishment from God, witchcraft or a death sentence. A healthcare provider must therefore be aware of all the negative perceptions of the patient toward the illness and based on this, they are able to break the news to the patient. It will also aid the provider in knowing how to inform the patient about the disease until they understand. This will aid the patient in accepting treatment and also give a positive attitude towards management of the illness. Health belief can be discussed using the health belief model. It was developed by Irwin M. Rosenstock in 1966 to study the uptake of health services by patients. The original model consisted of four concepts: Perceived susceptibility (risk of getting a condition), perceived severity (seriousness of the condition, and its potential consequences), perceived barriers (adoption of the treatment and its side effects), perceived benefits (the positive consequences of adopting the treatment). Health beliefs are affected by an individual’s perception, social interactions and the consequences (Dean and Fenton, 2010). A case study would be the disease Diabetes. Many individuals believe that they can get diabetes as a result of genetic predisposal, unhealthy lifestyle or old age. There is belief that the consequences of diabetes are grave and should be avoided. There is belief that recommended eating healthy, proper exercise and regular check-ups to prevent diabetes and aid in early detection. People also identify their personal barriers

Chapter 8 summary-business ethics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Chapter 8 summary-business ethics - Term Paper Example Moreover the concepts of business ethics have been successfully illustrated with many of the examples from business world. A person becomes liable to a firm when he signs the contract at the first place when he is employed. A contract that is signed at the time of hiring sets the rule for an employee. The rules must be followed by the employee in any case because it is agreed by both the parties. An employee is liable to reach certain targets in order to get fair remuneration. The clauses of a contract not only includes the framework that is supposed to be followed by an employee but it further includes even the smallest matters such as holding the prospects regarding dresses clearly. There is always a combination of comments and acceptability when it comes to loyalty towards the company from an employee. Some of the writers of business ethics believe that an employee needs to be highly loyal to the company whereas on the other hand it is believed that there is a non acceptance of the fact that loyalty should be exercised to the diminished social life of an employee. It is quite depending upon the nature of the job and what type of the organization would an employee would be working. There are some of the jobs nature that require over times. The need of defending the interest of an employer is far more significant and required than just being loyal to the company. There could be a certain points and instances where the interest of an employee would surely collide with the interest of an employer. In this chapter, the issues between the interest of employee and employer have been referred to conflict of interests. The conflict of interest of could be in terms of employee’s desire of wearing clothes the way he wants, coming late at work or could be a conflict in the attainment of remuneration. The conflicts could be solved for sure but there could be instances where the conflicts would be unacceptable for the company

Franciscan Values in Cardinal Stritch University Essay

Franciscan Values in Cardinal Stritch University - Essay Example Therefore, the Cardinal Stritch University offers a course in Franciscan values that are intended to better human beliefs and actions in the best interest of mankind. The fundamental purpose of delivering this knowledge is to make people love and respect one another. People sharing similar values become affiliated to one another and become united. The multicultural faculty and learners expand the horizons of the university beyond limits. The university offers indiscriminate and unbiased teaching to people belonging to all classes. The values emphasize upon maintaining the environmental health and safety. The Franciscan values discourage violence by resolving interpersonal clashes. Through this course, Cardinal Stritch University becomes home to disabled and socially excluded people where they can acquire similar lifestyle as others. People from all ethnic backgrounds are able to benefit from the course. The university intends to develop increased communication links and hence better understanding between teachers and students. The course aims at addressing issues related to sustainable development and ensuring environmental health and safety by developing and implementing such programs. The course is also intended to play a big role in eliminating inter-racial conflicts and spread love, peace, and harmony between people belonging to different races and cultures. Critiques may argue that learning manners in such a formal programme as that offered by the Cardinal Stritch University is a waste of time and may question the justification of such courses. However, a deep analysis of the course suggests that it is a comprehensive course of Franciscan values and has the potential to bring positive results for the society. The course on Franciscan values offered by the Cardinal Stritch University provides a comprehensive understanding of these values.

Impact of Market Environment on Lays Company

Impact of Market Environment on Lays Company The behavior of organization in their market environment and the significance of the global factors that shape national business activities Papia Hasan Popy Executive Summary This report is based on different types of business information and the issues and constraints within the organization. Name of organization: Lay’s Chapter 1: Introduction Lay’s is a name of a potato chips made from Canadian spuds. The owner of the company is Herman W. Lay. He first started producing potato chips in his machines then he finally shaped potato in chips with flavors. Lay’s was then first snack to be promoted on Television till 1944. Soon it became so popular snacks in all over Canada. And by 1977 Lay’s became the most preferable chip brands and dominating over the market. Due to its flavor and taste Lay’s many people love Lay’s. They basically manufacture and produce different flavors of potato chips and have able to create their brand value. Chapter 2: Background of the Study 2.1: Objective of the study 2.1.1: Broad objective The behaviour of organizations in their market environment. The significance of the global factors that shape national business activities. 2.1.2: Specific objective How market structure determine the pricing and output decision of business The way in which market forces shape organizational responses. How the business and cultural environments shape the behavior of an organization Significance of international trade. The impact of global factors on business organization. The impact of policies of the international trading communities on business organization. 2.2: Methodology 2.2.1: Area of study The current situation of Bangladesh. 2.2.2: Sources of data Website, Outlets, Books, Leaflet and Newsletter. 2.3: Limitations of study Communication gap. Intolerable traffic jam made dilemma. Network failure while working with net. Chapter 3: Analysis and Findings Task 8: (LO 3.1) Explain how market structures determine the pricing and output decision of the organization. Market structure: It depends on the number of buyers and suppliers in order to run a business. Types of market structure: Perfect competition Pure monopoly Monopolistic competition Oligopoly Perfect competition: In this competition there are many buyers and many sellers. The products are alike and entrance and exit is very easy. If the price is increased then consumer will move to another product if the price is extremely high as output depends on buyer’s demand. Lay’s is selling different flavors of potato chips and their competitors are Sun chips, Alooz and Pringles. Pure monopoly: Only one seller who dominate the whole market. They usually charge high price as there is no competitor and spend a lot on branding and R and D. But this is not applicable for Lay’s as there are many competitors are available in the market. Monopolistic competition: There are many sellers but market is dominated by few. Brand loyalty has a competitive advantage and firms are affected by Competitors. Lay’s product is varies in flavors but all products are potato chips and the price is reasonable. The output depends on the demand of the product. Oligopoly: There are many buyers but few sellers. Huge capital needed so entry and exit is very difficult and each seller controls a particular portion of the market. Price and output is affected by competitors. Lay’s does not follow this. Task 9: (LO 3.2) Illustrate (with example) the way in which market forces shape organizational responses. I have chosen Lay’s to describe the shape of market forces. Demand: Willingness to buy a product and depends on desire and affordability. It is affected due to price, income level, substitute product and competition. Elasticity of demand: How elastic the demand is. If price increases then demand decreases and vice-versa. If income level remains unchanged and price increases then demand decreases but if income level increases then demand is stable. Lay’s is an elastic product so they need to keep their price stable because substitute products like Alooz and Sun chips are available in the market and also they are the competitors of Lay’s. If the price of Lay’s increases then customers will switch to Alooz. Supply: The quantity of commodities for sale and depends on profit. It is affected by price of raw materials, technology, technique, labor cost etc. Elasticity of supply: If price increases then supply increases and vice-versa. Lay’s should not take the risk to increase their price. If price increases the sales may decreases as substitute products are available in the market. They should keep the price stable and provide steady supply of products or else they might lose customers and their sales. Task 10: (LO 3.3) Judge how the business and cultural environment shape the behaviour of the organization Business environment consists of factors that affect the business and its activities. There are few factors which affects business environment: Political Factors Legal Factors Economic Factors Social and Cultural Factors etc. But I will focus on cultural and social factors which include: Demographic and Population Household and Families Attitudes to work Religion Nationalism Attitudes to male and female roles Ethics etc. Demographic and Population: The population of Bangladesh is about 18 cores approximately so more labor is available for work and there is also an increase in demand for goods. Lay’s have better opportunity to do business here because of the large population which makes available of labors and buyers. Household and Families: Now a days there are huge number of joint families compared to single families. So buying behavior will be more for joint families. Attitudes to work: The working environment inside the factory of Lay’s is friendly and women are participating there in large numbers. Religion: Most of the people of Bangladesh are Muslims. So Lay’s should supply halal products. Nationalism: In Bangladesh nationalism is less as people are purchasing more imported product then their Country’s product. Attitudes to male and female roles: Now a days both men and women are working together in the same environment. Ethics Lay’s is doing business ethically. Political factors: decision taken by government about the public expenditure and taking taxes. This involves the political stability of a country which favors business. Sometimes government gives grant, subsidy and loans on low interest rates for the development of a business. They maintain the infrastructure of a country thus developing communication links. Enhancing skills of population: Now a days education and training courses are available to make population skilled in their desired field. This will increase the efficiency of labors which will favor business for Lay’s. Task 11: (LO 4.1) Discuss the significance of international trade to the organization International trade: Doing business beyond the boundaries of a country. International trade is important for expansion of business and increasing profit. To acquire resources and to reduce cost international trade is important. It creates an identity in other countries and also get tax advantage. Lay’s is doing international business. Global Business: Lay’s is also doing global business. They have production plants in different countries of the world. Now they want their production plant in Bangladesh. Multinational Company: Lay’s is having their operation across the globe Micro Multi-National Companies: Companies doing business through internet and Lay’s is not doing business through internet. Reasons behind increased growth of International Business Lay’s is a Canadian company doing business globally to get technological advancement, easy and quick communications, creation of trade agreements among countries and Bangladeshi government is more liberal to the companies who want to do business here. Bangladesh is now developing so Foreign Direct investment is very important for us. It creates employment opportunity, GDP growth and exchange of knowledge, technology, technique, culture etc. Lay’s is a foreign company so they are investing money in our country. FDI in Bangladesh FDI in Bangladesh has some opportunities and threats which include: The opportunities are huge markets, availability of labor at low cost, natural resources, low production cost, liberal government and citizens etc. So Lay’s can take advantages in Bangladesh. The threats are political instability of Bangladesh, lack of infrastructural facility, unavailability of some raw materials, lack of skilled human resources and efficient management etc. These factors must be observed by Lay’s before doing business in Bangladesh. Task 12: (LO 4.2) Analyse the impact of Global factors on the organization Import- Goods and service purchased from other country. Export Goods and service sold in other country. Free trade- Allowing people of a country to buy and sale their product as per their want. Exchange rate Price of one country currency in term of other country currency. Protectionism Establishing artificial barrier to discourage foreign trade in order to save the interest of local industry. Barriers to trade are three types. Natural Barriers Tariff barrier Non-tariff barrier Natural barrier- Natural things include distance, language, social system, legal system and culture and government has no control on this barrier. As Lay’s is a multinational company they need good infrastructure like proper distance route to supply their product and service to customer without it Lay’s will not be able to reach their products to customers which results in losing customers. Proper language should be used inside the organization and with the customer in order to maintain good relationship. If employee does not serve with proper language with customers and employee, they will fail to earn customer objective and organization objective too. Tariff barriers It is imposed by government which makes imported goods costly it affect Lay’s a lot because they are multinational company and they import huge amount of product from various countries. If the cost is high they would not able to bring the sufficient amount of products in Bangladesh and it will affect their position in their market place. Due to high cost less product is supplied to customers so tendency of using imported product is affected. It also reduces competition from foreign product. Non-tariff Barriers- It is imposed by government other than tax/duty/Levy. Quota A limit on quantity for certain goods that can be imported. If Lay’s do not import the quantity of product they need for customers demand they would not able to serve people which will have a great impact on. Embargo   Complete ban against importing from exporting to certain country. Lay’s cannot supply their product to those countries where embargo is given. Customer regulation –  Make the entry hand for foreign product. Dumping: Selling product at a very low price to out-perform competitor in order to capture new market. This is resist by Anti-Dumping law set by government to protect local industries. Task 13: (LO 4.3) Evaluate the impact of policies of international trading communities on the organization. International trading creates international links among countries which is good for business. International Trading Communities include SAARC, G8, BIMSTEC etc. If Bangladesh did not take part in the international trading communities it will affect Bangladesh and Lay’s will not be able to do business. There will be no free trade among the member of the countries. The tax duties will be high and the product price will be also high as a result there will be less demand and supply of international products, which will affect Lay’s. Protectionism will be greater. Exchange of raw materials will be less.so there will be less production of Lay’s which will create bad impact in the society. Exchange of culture and values will be hampered. It will mainly affect Bangladesh as they will lose their neighbour as well as their helping opportunity. Task 14: Give a decision whether business environment of Bangladesh is favourable for starting the operation/ manufacturing plant/ showroom/ branches of the organization or not. Give proper justification behind your decision. Do you have any recommendation regarding these issues? Lay’s can start their operations in Bangladesh because potatoes are produced in Bangladesh in large quantities. They can get labors at low cost and tax advantage as Bangladesh government is liberal to foreign investors. They can increase their sales and their brand name in Bangladesh and the political situation is stable now. I would like to suggest some recommendation to Lay’s before operating in Bangladesh. Chapter 4: Recommendation As many substitutes are available in the market so they must focus on quality. They must focus on price because Alooz is charging Tk 15 for each while Lay’s is charging Tk.30 for each mini pack. If they do not decrease their price they must provide superior quality product to create their brand image. They also must focus on their pacaging so that it looks attarctive so that customer get influenced. They must go for horse cart rally to make people aware about their product. They must offer some short term incentives to promote their product. Such as givng gifts for children. Chapter 5: Conclusion Lay’s is undoubtedly an established organization that emphasize on maintaining quality product and use endorsement in advertisement for their promotion. Although there are many difficulties, Lay’s has very good brand image and customer acceptance for best quality product. They are going for continuous survey for the development of their products and service. References 1. Lays. 1944. Lays ® Potato Chips | Simply Made. Simply Good. (TM). [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.lays.ca/#/simplygood/. [Accessed 15 March 14]. Bibliography: Diary writing Lecture given by Kashfiya mam

Irish Potato Famine Essay -- essays research papers

In the early 1800s life in Ireland wasn’t easy, Irish citizens got by day to day by farming and relying on the potato. The potato was their main source of food and money. With out the potato the Irish would have nothing. No one was prepared for what was about to happen in 1845, the beginning of the Great Irish Potato Famine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Irish Potato Famine was the worst tragedy in the history of Ireland. The outcome of the famine would result in hundreds of thousands dead, an failure of the economy in Ireland, and millions of emigrants forced to leave their home and country just to try to survive. The famine would effect countries other than Ireland as well. Some of these countries included England, America, Canada, and Australia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The next five years, almost all Irish citizens, would have the hardest struggle that they would ever face. It would tear families apart, destroy peoples lives, and cause large financial losses to landowners.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the early to mid 1800s Ireland was a very poor and difficult place to live. Most of the land was owned by landowners that lived in England and rented their land out to Irish citizens. The owners had almost no interest in their land and property in Ireland. They only cared about getting their money from their renters. The rents were overpriced and living costs in Ireland were also extremely high. The living conditions for the renters in Ireland were horrible, with one-room houses that were expected to shelter whole families. Another problem with the country was that over 70% of the population was illiterate.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The renters would use their land to farm potatoes because they were cheap, easy to grow, full of vitamins, and you could grow a lot in a small area and in poor farming conditions. The whole country relied on the crop of potatoes as their source of food and income.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the mid 1800s there were many seasons that produced poor crops, and in some cases no potatoes at all. These seasons were taken lightly, and just thought to be bad crop seasons. After these bad seasons, farmers became upset and began to grow poorer quality potatoes known as ‘Lumper potatoes’ or ‘Horse potatoes’ instead of the stronger healthier potatoes. ... ...money to their family so that they could escape Ireland and start a new life in America. Those whose lives became bad and worsened by the immigration were too ashamed to talk to their family and discontinued contact with family back in Ireland.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion the potato famine effected not only those who lived in Ireland, but those in America too. The people that survived the crisis eventually returned their lives back to normal and were not physically harmed but rather emotionally scared with memories of wondering how much longer they were going to live. Also they remembered the whole scene with dead bodies every where and villages of which every resident was sickened and dying.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Americans were effected by this epidemic with the introduction of many diseases introduced to their country. Especially those in the New England area of the country, where most of the immigrants arrived who had seen how the famine over seas had such an impact on millions of people’s lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Over all many lives were lost, many lives changed, all due to the only crop that the Irish relied on†¦the potato.

Batman Beggins Essay

Jorge Mastache ENG4U Batman Begins essay Fear is one of the strongest emotions amongst human feelings, it is strong enough that people chose to do actions based on fear. One of the main themes in Batman Begins is fear, much of the plot is driven by fear, and the movie shows and explores fear in order to show how it affects people’s lives. It also shows how a person can be swallow by fear when you cannot control your emotions. The mastery of the control of fear is what truly liberates a human being because without fear people can truly do anything they desire.Two opposite effects of fear confront each other in Batman begins, the one driven by Batman against the one from Ra’s al Ghul, these characters experience fear during their lives, that fear was imposed by similar sources; Criminal Underground. Batman lost his parents to a criminal and it is implied that Ra’s did as well. The ke is in the difference between their targets. While Batman utilizes his fear to save the innocent from those criminals, Ra’s utilizes his to attempt to destroy those criminals and the ability to produce more criminals.This difference says something about the level of control that each of them has over their fears. Batman has enough control over his fear to retain a sense of rationality, distinguishing who is the enemy and who is the innocent. He even has a code of no murder anybody, that’s what sets him apart from that criminal underworld and ensure that he truly is making a difference. Ra’s, on the other hand, cannot distinguish the good from the bad.His fear drives him to attempt destroying the entire Gothan city, a completely irrational judgment call fueled by an extreme desire to ensure justice. Extremism is born from fear, and Ra’s is different than Batman in that he doesn’t control his fear, his fear controls him. Another way fear is shown in this movie is through the drug that Scarecrow administers to bring out peopleâ€⠄¢s deepest fears. Not even Batman is immune to this fear, despite his control over it. Even though people control their fears to some degrees, everybody still fears something, nobody is fearless.Fear breeds violence, and violence is what destroys societies. Revolution or anarchy, both fear apart the political structure because violence threatens the safety of the populace and the political structure is supposed to ensure that safety of the populace and the political structure is supposed to ensure that safety. The fear drug is a way to examine what would happen if fear and panic completely overtook a populace, and the movie argues that it would completely destabilize and destroy a society.Batman Begins takes the notion of fear and does a fantastic job showing how it would affect people on a small and large scale. On a small scale, it can take a person and completely twist their motivation. On a larger scale, it’s a far more effective, taking entire societies and civilization s and reducing them to nothing. Ra’s is fueled by fear, but we’ll soon see that not all villans share the same motivation. Some men are far less sympathetic than Ra’s. Some men just want to watch the world Burn.

Filipino Psychology Essay

Arts in the Philippines started even before the colonization of the country. It has different fields and expressions which are mostly religious. In any way, these native arts are on the verge of being lost now since the masses are all focused on foreign cultures forgetting their own. Painting Filipino painting as a whole can be seen as an amalgamation of many cultural influences, though it tends to be more Western in its current form with Eastern roots. Early Filipino painting can be found in red slip (clay mixed with water) designs embellished on the ritual pottery of the Philippines such as the acclaimed Manunggul Jar. Evidence of Philippine pottery-making dated as early as 6000 BC has been found in Sanga-sanga Cave, Sulu and Laurente Cave, Cagayan. It has been proven that by 5000 BC, the making of pottery was practiced throughout the country. Early Filipinos started making pottery before their Cambodian neighbors and at about the same time as the Thais as part of what appears to be a widespread Ice Age development of pottery technology. Further evidences of painting are manifested in the tattoo tradition of early Filipinos, whom the Portuguese explorer referred to as Pintados or the ‘Painted People’ of the Visayas. Various designs referencing flora and fauna with heavenly bodies decorate their bodies in various colored pigmentation. Perhaps, some of the most elaborate painting done by early Filipinos that survive to the present day can be manifested among the arts and architecture of the Maranao who are well known for the Naga Dragons and the Sarimanok carved and painted in the beautiful Panolong of their Torogan or King’s House. Filipinos began creating paintings in the European tradition during 17th century Spanish period. The earliest of these paintings were Church frescoes, religious imagery from Biblical sources, as well as engravings, sculptures and lithographs featuring Christian icons and European nobility. Most of the paintings and sculptures between the 19th, and 20th century produced a mixture of religious, political, and landscape art works, with qualities of sweetness, dark, and light. Early modernist painters, such as Damian Domingo, were associated with religious and secular paintings. The art of Juan Luna and Felix Hidalgo showed a trend for political statement. Artist such as Fernando Amorsolo used post-modernism to produce paintings that illustrated Philippine culture, nature and harmony. While other artist such as Fernando Zobel used realities and abstract on his work. In early 80s other unique folk artist exists, one of these is Elito Circa as amang pintor, the famous Filipino folk painter. He uses his own hair to make his paintbrushes, and signs his name with his own blood on the right side of his paintings. He developed his own styles without professional training or guidance from masters. Literature The literature of the Philippines illustrates the Prehistory and European colonial legacy of the Philippines, written in both Indigenous and Hispanic writing system. Most of the traditional literatures of the Philippines were written during the Mexican and Spanish period. Philippine literature is written in Spanish, Filipino, Tagalog, English and other native Philippine languages. Some of the well-known Filipino literatures are Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo, Florante at Laura, Ibong Adarna and among others which are still being studied by Filipino students nowadays. Dance Philippine folk dances include the Tinikling and Carinosa. In the southern region of Mindanao, Singkil is a popular dance showcasing the story of a prince and princess in the forest. Bamboo poles are arranged in a tic-tac-toe pattern in which the dancers exploit every position of these clashing poles. Music The early music of the Philippines featured a mixture of Indigenous, Islamic and a variety of Asian sounds that flourished before the European and American colonization in the 16th and 20th centuries. Spanish settlers and Filipinos played a variety of musical instruments, including flutes, guitar, ukelele, violin, trumpets and drums. They performed songs and dances to celebrate festive occasions. By the 21st century, many of the folk songs and dances have remained intact throughout the Philippines. Some of the groups that perform these folk songs and dances are the Bayanihan, Filipinescas, Barangay-Barrio, Hariraya, the Karilagan Ensemble, and groups associated with the guilds of Manila, and Fort Santiago theatres. Many Filipino musicians have raised prominence such as the composer and conductor Antonio J. Molina, the composer Felipe P. de Leon, known for his nationalistic themes and the opera singer Jovita Fuentes. Modern day Philippine music features several styles. Most music genres are contemporary such as Filipino rock, Filipino hip hop and other musical styles. Some are traditional such as Filipino folk music. Architecture The Nipa hut (Bahay Kubo) is the mainstream form of housing. It is characterized by use of simple materials such as bamboo and coconut as the main sources of wood. Cogon grass, Nipa palm leaves and coconut fronds are used as roof thatching. Most primitive homes are built on stilts due to frequent flooding during the rainy season. Regional variations include the use of thicker and denser roof thatching in mountain areas, or longer stilts on coastal areas particularly if the structure is built over water. The architecture of other indigenous peoples may be characterized by angular wooden roofs, bamboo in place of leafy thatching and ornate wooden carvings. The Spaniards introduced stones as housing and building materials. The introduction of Christianity brought European churches, and architecture which subsequently became the center of most towns and cities. Spanish architecture can be found in Intramuros, Vigan, Iloilo, Jaro and other parts of the Philippines. Islamic and other Asian architecture can also be seen depicted on buildings such as mosques and temples. The Coconut Palace is an example of Philippine Architecture. Contemporary architecture has a distinctively Western style although pre-Hispanic housing is still common in rural areas. American style suburban-gated communities are popular in the cities, including Manila, and the surrounding provinces. Cinema The advent of the cinema of the Philippines can be traced back to the early days of filmmaking in 1897 when a Spanish theater owner screened imported moving pictures. The formative years of Philippine cinema, starting from the 1930s, were a time of discovery of film as a new medium of expressing artworks. Scripts and characterizations in films came from popular theater shows and Philippine literature. In the 1940s, Philippine cinema brought the consciousness of reality in its film industry. Nationalistic films became popular, and movie themes consisting primarily of war and heroism and proved to be successful with Philippine audiences. The 1950s saw the first golden age of Philippine cinema, with the emergence of more artistic and mature films, and significant improvement in cinematic techniques among filmmakers. The studio system produced frenetic activity in the Philippine film industry as many films were made annually and several local talents started to gain recognition abroad. Award-winning filmmakers and actors were first introduced during this period. As the decade drew to a close, the studio system monopoly came under siege as a result of labor-management conflicts. By the 1960s, the artistry established in the previous years was in decline. This era can be characterized by rampant commercialism in films. The 1970s and 1980s were considered turbulent years for the Philippine film industry, bringing both positive and negative changes. The films in this period dealt with more serious topics following the Martial law era. In addition, action, western, drama, adult and comedy films developed further in picture quality, sound and writing. The 1980s brought the arrival of alternative or independent cinema in the Philippines. The 1990s saw the emerging popularity of drama, teen-oriented romantic comedy, adult, comedy and action films. The Philippines, being one of Asia’s earliest film industry producers, remains undisputed in terms of the highest level of theater admission in Asia. Over the years, however, the Philippine film industry has registered a steady decline in movie viewership from 131 million in 1996 to 63 million in 2004. From a high production rate of 350 films a year in the 1950s, and 200 films a year during the 1980s, the Philippine film industry production rate declined in 2006 to 2007. The 21st century saw the rebirth of independent filmmaking through the use of digital technology and a number of films have once again earned nationwide recognition and prestige. II. PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATION. The sense of freedom that goes with the realization that psychology need not be imported from the United States of America brought new vigor, new meanings, and new directions for Philippine psychology. An intriguing redefinition of psychology itself is foreseen with the Filipino psychologist’s growing interest in the arts. Imbued with dynamism and a commitment to indigenous Filipino psychology in music and the arts, Felipe de Leon Jr. led the Sikolohiyang Pilipino movement as the fifth president of the association, promoting consciousness in people’s arts. De Leon distinguishes people’s art from specialist art. The first includes traditional, indigenous, ethnic and folk art. To be sure, people’s art exist everywhere in the country, especially among our rural and urban populations whose education is more or less synonymous with the life process in the community rather than with the artificially structured, essentially theoretical, mental learning that occurs in a formal setting such as a school. It is an art integrated in myriad ways, with everyday concerns, interests, functions and activities. Specialist art on the other hand, is a product of the individuals who received formal schooling and training in liberal arts, fine arts, literature, music, dance, drama or film in schools. Folk art reflects the concept of kapwa and is a rich source for understanding the Filipino worldview. The openness, as well as the present gradual development of mass-based artists whose aesthetic interests lie in depicting the peeks, depths, hardships and aspirations of contemporary Filipino life undoubtedly touch on pakikiisa, the highest level of kapwa psychology. Delineating the Filipino psychology and worldview is a contribution towards liberation—by not simply describing the Filipino outlook as seen in his arts, in his behavior and culture, but in moving him to action on the basis of his own worldview and on his own terms. The surge of interest in the arts changes the self-image of the Filipino psychologists themselves and, perhaps, even their identity. After all, it can be argued that psychologists must move closer to art not in order to avoid psychology but precisely to approach its very core.